Does Skin in the Game Align Incentives? The Case of CRE CLOs

WP 25-43 – This paper examines whether high levels of risk retention effectively align incentives in securitizations, using evidence from the $100 billion-plus billion commercial real estate collateralized loan obligation (CRE CLO) market.

Featured Work

The Fed Put and Bank Risk-Taking: Evidence from the Loan Book

WP 25-42 – This paper shows that monetary policy influences bank credit policy through the risk-taking channel.

Banking Trends: How Banks Fund Their Lending

Economic Insights — Since the Great Financial Crisis, banks have increasingly relied on deposits for their funding. But their lending has changed, too, and this has implications for the entire banking industry.

Who Remains Unbanked in the United States and Why?

WP 25-02/R – This paper conducts a detailed exploration of the factors associated with unbanked status among U.S. households and how these relationships evolved between 2015 and 2019.

Featured Data

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Institutions in the Third District

This interactive tool summarizes information about banks and holding companies within the Third District (comprising eastern and central Pennsylvania, southern New Jersey, and Delaware) and provides each institution’s location and asset size as of the most recent quarter.

Updated: 14 Nov ’25

Map of the Third Federal Reserve District

Third District Banking Conditions

Third District Banking Conditions is a semiannual report comparing the trends of Third District community banks with their national peers.

Updated: 15 Sep ’25

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Large Bank Credit Card and Mortgage Data

The Large Bank Consumer Credit Data are based on Y-14M credit card and mortgage data provided by the largest financial institutions in the United States.

Updated: 17 Oct ’25